What does the term “statistical power” refer to in hypothesis testing?

(A) The probability of making a Type I error.
(B) The probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false.
(C) The probability of obtaining a significant result when the null hypothesis is true.
(D) The probability of obtaining a non-significant result when the null hypothesis is false.

The answer is: (B) The probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false.